求文档: 对某一文档中的字符按照其出现概率进行哈夫曼编码及译码

/* 哈夫曼编码*/
#include "graphics.h"
#include "stdlib.h"
#include "Stdio.h"
#include "Conio.h"
#define MAX 53

char bmfile[10];
char a[100];
typedef struct
{char c,s[10];}MM;
MM mm[53];

typedef struct /*以数组存储哈夫曼树时的结点类型*/
{char ch;
int w,lcd,rcd,pt; /*权值、左孩子、右孩子、双亲*/
}HuffNode;
HuffNode Hm[MAX];

typedef struct CNode /*Auffman编码的结点类型*/
{ char c;
struct CNode *prv;
}CODE;
CODE *cd;

wjbm1 (char a[])/*从文件中读取要进行编码的字符*/
{FILE *fp3;
char ch;
int i=0,n=0,k,t,m;
/*printf("\n输入要编码的文件名：");
scanf("%s",bmfile);*/
if((fp3=fopen("bmfile.txt","r"))==NULL)
{printf("\n文件不存在");
exit(0);}

while(!feof(fp3))
a[i++]=fgetc(fp3);
a[i]='\0';
for(i=0;a[i]!='\0';i++)
{if(a[i]>='A'&&a[i]<='Z') {Hm[a[i]-65].ch=a[i]; Hm[a[i]-65].w++;}
if(a[i]>='a'&&a[i]<='z') {Hm[a[i]-71].ch=a[i]; Hm[a[i]-71].w++;}
if(a[i]==' ') {Hm[52].ch=' ';Hm[52].w++;}
}
for(i=0;i<53;i++)
if(Hm[i].w!=0)
{ Hm[n].ch=Hm[i].ch;
Hm[n].w=Hm[i].w;
Hm[n].lcd=-1;
Hm[n].rcd=-1;
Hm[n].pt=-1;
n++;}
fclose(fp3);
return n;
}

zfbm1(char a[])
{
int n=0,i;
gets(a);
for(i=0;a[i]!='\0';i++)
{if(a[i]>='A'&&a[i]<='Z') {Hm[a[i]-65].ch=a[i]; Hm[a[i]-65].w++;}
if(a[i]>='a'&&a[i]<='z') {Hm[a[i]-71].ch=a[i]; Hm[a[i]-71].w++;}
if(a[i]==' ') {Hm[52].ch=' ';Hm[52].w++;}
}
printf("\n叶字信息(字符、权值):");
for(i=0;i<53;i++)
if(Hm[i].w!=0)
{printf("(%c,%d)",Hm[i].ch,Hm[i].w);
Hm[n].ch=Hm[i].ch;
Hm[n].w=Hm[i].w;
Hm[n].lcd=-1;
Hm[n].rcd=-1;
Hm[n].pt=-1;
n++;}
return n;
}

charTJ()
{char c;
int i;
printf("\n1-从文件中读取字符生成树;2-从键输入字母生成树;3-退出;\n");
while(1)
switch(c=getch())
{case '1':wjbm1(a);return;
case '2':puts("\n输入字母");zfbm1(a);return;
case '3':return;
default:printf("\n输入无效,重新输入");scanf("%d",&c);}
}

void HuffmanCode(int n) /*哈夫曼编码。n为哈夫曼树的叶子数*/
{ int i,k,t;
CODE *p,*h;

cd=(CODE*)malloc(sizeof(CODE)*n);/*用于存储每个叶子的编码(链栈)*/
for(i=0;i { k=i;h=0;
while((Hm+k)->pt>=0)
{ if((Hm+(Hm+k)->pt)->lcd==k)t=0;else t=1;
p=(CODE*)malloc(sizeof(CODE));
p->c=48+t;p->prv=h;h=p;
k=(Hm+k)->pt;
}
cd[i].prv=h;
}
}

void dispCodes(int n) /*显示*/
{ int i,j=0;
CODE *p;
for(i=0;i { p=cd[i].prv;
/*printf("\n%c:",Hm[i].ch); */
mm[i].c=Hm[i].ch;
j=0;
while(p)
{{/*printf("%c",p->c);*/ mm[i].s[j++]=p->c;}
mm[i].s[j]='\0';
p=p->prv;
}
}
puts("\n显示结果：");
for(i=0;i printf("(%c,%s) ",mm[i].c,mm[i].s);
dispCode(n);
}

dispCode(int n) /*将各字符的编码存入数组mm*/
{ int i,j;
CODE *p;
for(i=0;i { p=cd[i].prv;
/*printf("\n%c:",Hm[i].ch); */
mm[i].c=Hm[i].ch;
j=0;
while(p)
{{/*printf("%c",p->c);*/ mm[i].s[j++]=p->c;}
mm[i].s[j]='\0';
p=p->prv;
} }

}

Huffmanshu(int n) /*显示哈夫曼树的字符编码*/
{int i;
HuffmanCode(n);
dispCodes(n);
}

wjbm(int n)
{FILE *fp4;
char ch;
int i=0,j;
wjbm1(a);
HuffmanCode(n);
dispCode(n);
fp4=fopen("stfile.txt","w");
for(i=0;a[i]!='\0';i++)
{for(j=0;j if(a[i]==mm[j].c) fputs(mm[j].s,fp4);
}
puts("结果已写入文件");
fclose(fp4);
}

zfbm(int n)
{int i,j;
puts(a);
HuffmanCode(n);
dispCode(n);
printf("译码:");
for(i=0;a[i]!='\0';i++)
{for(j=0;j if(a[i]==mm[j].c) printf("%s",mm[j].s);}
}

Huffmanbm(int n,HuffNode Hm[])/*哈夫曼编码*/
{
int k;
char ch;
printf("\n1-结果输出到文件；2-结果显示在屏幕;3-退出;\n");
while(1)
switch(ch=getch())
{case '1':wjbm(n);return 0;
case '2':printf("\n源码:");zfbm(n);return;
case '3':return 0;
default:printf("输入无效,重新输入");scanf("%d",&ch);}
}

wjjm(int n,char a[])
{FILE *fp1,*fp2;
char ch;
int i=0,k,t,m;
if((fp1=fopen("jmfile.txt","r"))==NULL)
{printf("\n文件不存在");
exit(0);}
fp2=fopen("st.txt","w");
while(!feof(fp1)) a[i++]=fgetc(fp1);
a[i]='\0'; k=i;
printf("\n1-结果输出到文件；2-结果显示在屏幕;3-退出;\n");
t=2*n-2;

while(1)
switch(ch=getch())
{case '1':
for(i=0;i<=k;)
{ if(a[i]=='0')
if(Hm[t].lcd==-1) { putc(Hm[t].c,fp2); t=2*n-2;}else {t=Hm[t].lcd;i++;}
else
if(Hm[t].rcd==-1) { fputc(Hm[t].c,fp2); t=2*n-2;}else {t=Hm[t].rcd;i++;}
} return;
case'2':
for(i=0;i<=k;)
{ if(a[i]=='0')
if(Hm[t].lcd==-1) { printf("%c",Hm[t].c); t=2*n-2;}else {t=Hm[t].lcd;i++;}
else
if(Hm[t].rcd==-1) { printf("%c",Hm[t].c); t=2*n-2;}else {t=Hm[t].rcd;i++;}
} return;
case'3':return 0;

}
fclose(fp1);
fclose(fp2);
}

zfjm(int n,char a[])/*对输入的字符进行解码*/
{int i,t,k;
printf("\n输入要解码的信息:");
scanf("%s",a);
k=strlen(a);
t=2*n-2;
printf("生成源代码：");
for(i=0;i<=k;)
{ if(a[i]=='0')
if(Hm[t].lcd==-1) { printf("%c",Hm[t].c); t=2*n-2;}else {t=Hm[t].lcd;i++;}
else
if(Hm[t].rcd==-1) { printf("%c",Hm[t].c); t=2*n-2;}else {t=Hm[t].rcd;i++;}
}
}
void Huffmanjm(int n,HuffNode Hm[]) /*哈夫曼解码。n为哈夫曼树的叶子数*/
{ int m=n;
char *a,ch;
printf("\n1-对文件解码；2-对字符解码;3-退出;\n");
while(1)
switch(ch=getch())
{case '1':wjjm(m,a);return 0;
case '2':zfjm(m,a);return;
case '3':return 0;
}
}

void HuffmanTree() /*生成哈夫曼树*/
{ int i,j,x,y,n;
char c;
n=charTJ();
for(i=0;i { x=0;
while((Hm+x)->pt>=0)x++; /*搜索第一个未处理的结点*/
y=x+1;
while((Hm+y)->pt>=0)y++; /*搜索第二个未处理的结点*/
j=y;
if((Hm+x)->w>(Hm+y)->w){j=y;y=x;x=j;}
for(j=j+1;j { if((Hm+j)->pt<0&&(Hm+j)->w<(Hm+x)->w) {y=x;x=j;}
else
if((Hm+j)->pt<0&&(Hm+j)->w<(Hm+y)->w) y=j;
}
(Hm+x)->pt=n+i;(Hm+y)->pt=n+i;(Hm+n+i)->w=(Hm+x)->w+(Hm+y)->w;
(Hm+n+i)->lcd=x;(Hm+n+i)->rcd=y;(Hm+n+i)->pt=-1;
}
puts("\n1-显示字符的编码;2-编码;3-解码;4-退出;");
while(1)
switch(c=getch())
{case '1':Huffmanshu(n);break;
case '2':Huffmanbm(n,Hm);break;
case '3':Huffmanjm(n,Hm);break;
case '4':return;
}

}

int main()
{ char c;
gotoxy(29,1);
puts("文件编码解码系统");
window(1,3,80,25);
HuffmanTree();
getch();
clrscr();
}